Safety

Four questions on safety equipment and practice.

Practise this unit Print

Essentials

Portable extinguishers are compulsory, even with a fixed system. A smoke signal lasts at least 3 minutes.

Person overboard: helm to the side of the fall, throw a lifebuoy, keep them in sight.

Activities

• Gear on boardPlace each piece of safety gear and hull or deck fitting on the boat.
• StabilityHeel the hull, move the load and watch G, C, M and the righting arm.
• Decisions on boardFire, leaks, person overboard and more.
• VHF radio & distressMAYDAY, PAN-PAN, MAYDAY RELAY, SÉCURITÉ, DSC DISTRESS button, English Mayday audio and Channels 16, 70 and 9.

Questions in this unit

• In a storm, what is the seamanlike term for sailing with the sea on the stern or quarter?
• Man overboard. In the Anderson approach, how many degrees do we turn before putting the rudder amidships and stopping the engine?
• The Boutakow manoeuvre consists of:
• What is one potential effect of lightning striking very close to our boat?
• What does sailing in shallow water mean for pleasure boats?
• Approved lifejackets for navigation zone 4 must have a minimum buoyancy of:
• What do we call sailing with the storm on the bows and little power ahead?
• In bad weather, which measure is NOT advisable?
• In low visibility, what measures should we take?
• If a crew member falls overboard, which GNSS function should be activated at once?
• On the influence of a thunderstorm on the magnetic compass, mark the CORRECT option:
• A crew member who fell overboard and was in the water a long time shows shivering, confusion and difficulty moving. What is probably wrong?
• In rough seas, what should we do to avoid heavy pitching?
• In low visibility we should, as far as possible, avoid:
• When circumstances allow, in bad weather it is advisable to:
• GNSS sets usually have a button to press when someone falls overboard. Its purpose is:
• What is a boat’s ability to return upright when heeled by outside forces called?
• On the passive radar reflector, mark the CORRECT option:
• Lightning striking near a boat can affect the magnetic compass. How?
• When the person in the water cannot be seen, what search patterns should be used?
• In bad weather we must NOT:
• If at sea you find a lifebuoy marked with name and port of registry, what is recommended?
• Sailing a leisure boat in zone 4, you must carry:
• When you must talk by voice with Salvamento Marítimo in an emergency, what do you use?
• The radar reflector:
• The radar reflector:
• Sailing within 4 miles of a port or shelter, which distress signals must we carry?
• Sailing in shallow water with waves:
• Sailing 8 miles off the coast, what is the minimum buoyancy of the lifejackets carried?
• A thunderstorm may:
• Heaving to in a storm is:
• On servicing inflatable lifejackets, mark the CORRECT option.
• On thunderstorms, mark the CORRECT statement.
• On GNSS receivers and man overboard, which is INCORRECT?
• The expression “a son de mar” refers to:
• On pyrotechnics, which recommendation is INCORRECT?
• If you find you have lost a lifebuoy before sailing, what is recommended?
• The radar reflector is:
• On the route to follow in bad weather, mark the INCORRECT statement.
• Among measures in bad weather, you must NOT:
• In bad weather it is advisable to:
• The boat’s side-to-side motion from port to starboard and back is called:
• Before putting to sea we must check:
• Pitching is defined:
• Sailing in fog:
• A hand flare will burn for:
• A ship’s property of returning upright after losing it to outside causes is called:
• What colour and minimum duration is the smoke of floating smoke signals?
• If someone falls overboard, what search pattern should we use when we cannot see them?
• The boat’s fore-and-aft motion is called:
• The radar reflector is:
• To heave to in a storm we sail with the sea on:
• In bad weather it is essential to prepare the boat and plan the route. You should:
• On a leisure boat, adding weight on deck:
• In an emergency, how do you contact Salvamento Marítimo?
• With the sea ahead, changing speed is the most effective way to:
• Under power with a lee shore:
• If radio systems fail, which number do we call in a maritime emergency?
• In shallow water:
• A boat has good transverse stability if, after being pushed off equilibrium by a brief outside force, it:
• Transverse stability is a ship’s ability to:
• What buoyancy in newtons is required for lifejackets carried on board in zone 4?
• The telephone number to contact Salvamento Marítimo is:
• How can we contact Salvamento Marítimo?
• In a man overboard, to begin a Williamson (Boutakow) turn, what do you do?
• How should you deal with excessive pitching with the sea on the bow?
• On heavy-weather measures aboard, mark the INCORRECT statement.
• If you have asked Salvamento Marítimo for a tow:
• A significant rise in the boat’s centre of gravity:
• Which boats must carry a radar reflector?
• A boat’s static stability depends on the combined position of:
• On stability, mark the CORRECT statement.
• The boat’s motion across her beam, heeling alternately to port and starboard, is called:
• On lightning conductors, mark the INCORRECT statement.
• Before putting to sea it is essential to check:
• With waves on the bow, to avoid excessive pitching we should:
• On lifejackets, mark the INCORRECT statement.
• What happens when we significantly add weight on the weather deck, above the boat’s centre of gravity?
• Before going to sea, make sure that:
• In heavy weather in a motor boat, with the sea on the bow and little way but enough to steer, we are:
• When contacting Salvamento Marítimo for a distress call, you should never:
• What does heaving to mean?
• The Williamson (Boutakow) turn consists of:
• The minimum buoyancy of adult lifejackets stowed aboard a boat in zone 4 must be:
• What does the expression “a son de mar” refer to?
• In transverse static stability, equilibrium is reached when:
• To avoid excessive rolling, the best measure is:
• Effects of navigating in shallow water include:
• For stowage and care, hand flares must be:
• From what body temperature is a person considered hypothermic?
• In shallow water:
• When all electrical equipment on board is earthed, what is the main risk to consider after a lightning storm?
• To run before a gale we must:
• Under way, you can heave to in a gale by:
• Running before a gale means:
• Raising a weight on a boat:
• A boat’s transverse static stability is the ability to:
• What is the priority check after a lightning storm near the boat?
• What is running before a gale and how is it done properly?
• Below what body temperature does hypothermia appear?
• Which parameter changes most when longitudinal stability changes?
• Mark the TRUE statement.
• What is a radar reflector?
• What is the best way to avoid the sea’s blows on the bow?
• What capacity must liferafts on a recreational boat have?
• When sailing in fog with restricted visibility:
• Mark the FALSE statement:
• The property of vessels to regain their balance when external causes upset it is:
• In shallow water we should:
• Precautions in shallow water:
• Checks before putting to sea:
• When checking our boat before going to sea, we should pay special attention to:
• A boat licensed for navigation zone 5 must carry among her life-saving gear:
• If a crew member falls overboard:
• What is the boat’s ability to return upright after the sea heels her called?
• What must we NEVER do when recovering a person from the water?
• When a boat, through engine or steering failure, lies with no way at the mercy of the elements, we say she is:
• What is keeping our boat going while riding out a gale head to sea or with it on the bow called?
• The set of actions to prepare a boat to weather a gale is called:
• From which side should we approach a person in the water to recover them?
• What should we do if we are told that a strong squall with wind is approaching the area where we are sailing?
• To pick up a person in the water we approach:
• We switch off electrical equipment, as a precaution:
• If, sailing with two crew, one falls into the water, the first thing to do is:
• Before putting to sea it is advisable to check:
• The search for a person in the water that explores radially from the datum, making 120º turns to starboard on legs of one mile or less, is called…
• In our 6-metre boat we move an 80 kg weight from the centreline to the starboard side. How will this affect her?
• When someone falls overboard, as well as throwing the lifebuoy, we:
• Sailing in rough seas:
• In a man-overboard in heavy weather, the boat should place herself:
• What should we bear in mind when using distress flares or rockets?
• If someone falls from the boat into the water:
• In heavy weather:
• Initial transverse static stability depends on:
• On heavy-weather measures aboard, mark the one that is NOT correct:
• Sailing in low visibility, to improve safety on board:
• Heaving to in a gale is:
• The term “correr un temporal” (running before a gale) means:
• A boat firing parachute rockets with a bright red light is signalling:
• We say we are in “shallow water” when it is:
• Basic rules for tug and tow under way:
• What should we do if a strong squall with wind is approaching?
• The Boutakow man-overboard manoeuvre:
• Is installing a radar reflector mandatory on a recreational craft sailing in zones 5, 6 or 7?
• In a man-overboard situation on a motor vessel, what must be done first?
• Portable fire extinguishers on recreational craft…
• If we see a crew member fall overboard, the first helm action we will take is to:
• The items placed along the sides of a craft before berthing to prevent chafing or impact are called…
• Fixed valves in the hull below the waterline that let cooling water in for the engine are called...
• When must hand flares, red parachute rockets and floating smoke signals be replaced?
• The transverse oscillations induced in a vessel by the waves are known as:
• How often must pyrotechnic distress equipment be replaced on board?
• To determine safe speed at sea, which of the following will be taken into account?
• What is meant by running before a gale (“correr el temporal”)?
• When navigating in fog, identify the INCORRECT statement:
• Between two vessels, a vessel is said to be to windward (“a barlovento”) if:
• Identify the INCORRECT statement. The pitching period (“periodo de cabezada”)...
• A vessel’s transverse stability:
• Definition of pitching (“cabezada”):
• In a man-overboard emergency, what objects may we throw into the water?
• First-aid measure to take in a case of hypothermia:
• The purpose of a radar reflector on board is:
• When taking a tow on board, how should we make the towline fast?
• In coastal navigation, shallow waters (“aguas someras”) are:
• If we wish to ask Salvamento Marítimo for help, we can do so:
• What would be the two main actions when sailing in shallow waters?
• When sailing in bad weather it is advisable to:
• By running before the storm (correr el temporal) we mean:
• Rolling (balance) is a movement that is:
• Shallow waters where a boat risks an accidental grounding are called … waters
• The Boutakow manoeuvre is used to:
• With the sea on the beam, what can we do to reduce rolling?
• In a case of hypothermia, it is advisable to:
• Hypothermia can be defined as
• The minimum height a red parachute rocket must reach is:
• Pitching (cabezada) can be defined as:
• Why is it important not to lie beam-on to the sea in bad weather?
• In a man overboard, the satellite navigation system (GNSS) saves the boat’s position when you press the key:
• If a person shows no signs of circulation, or we are not sure, we will carry out:
• Running before a storm, with the sea astern, we will try to:
• In a man overboard, to mark their position you should:
• Choose the correct answer on the recommended use and stowage of lifebuoys on board:
• If we ask for a tow for any reason, what should we NOT do before and during the towing operation?:
• When heaving to in a storm (capear):
• A boat’s property of recovering its equilibrium when upset by outside causes is known as:
• Rolling is defined:
• The fore-and-aft motion of the boat, raising and lowering bow and stern, is called:
• What is the best way to steer to avoid pitching?
• The search pattern when the person’s position is not exactly known is called:
• Coastal waters where shoals or little depth under the keel call for caution are known as:
• The expression meaning everything has been properly stowed and lashed before going to sea is:
• To prevent a person overboard, which statement is correct?
• Shallow waters (aguas someras) are:
• What must not be done with a person overboard?
• To contact Salvamento Marítimo other than by radio, we call:
• Mark the correct answer on searching when the person cannot be seen:
• Taking the waves on the bow in heavy seas, keeping the boat going ahead at low speed, is known as:
• Under power we see a crew member fall overboard. To get back quickly to the spot we do the manoeuvre called:
• When heaving to in a storm:
• In general, and especially in bad weather, we must make sure items on board are stowed and lashed:
• Mark the correct statement about the radar reflector:
• Obligations of all recreational craft:
• A floating smoke signal will give off smoke for at least how long:
• What is a radar reflector for?
• In an electrical storm
• What should we do if a heavy squall with wind is approaching?
• In an emergency tow, during the approach, the towed vessel will be positioned relative to the towing vessel…
• The vessel's ability, once heeled, to return to equilibrium when floating in still water is called:
• With a person overboard from a motor boat, what do we do first?