Hover or tap underlined Spanish terms to see their translation and exam tip.
“Relative bearings can be expressed in degrees relative to the vessel's head. More frequently this is in relation to the port or starboard bow”, se traduce, conforme a las “IMO´s Standard Marine Communication Phrases”, como:Under the IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases, “Relative bearings can be expressed in degrees relative to the vessel's head. More frequently this is in relation to the port or starboard bow” translates as:
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Correct answer: d) Las marcaciones podrán expresarse en grados a partir de la proa del buque. Por lo general también se indica la banda de babor o estribor.
Why it is correct
In Spanish nautical terminology and the official IMO SMCP translation (General 4.2, Bearings), an angle measured relative to the ship’s head ('relative bearing') is called a 'marcación', whereas a bearing from North is a 'demora'.
Why the others are not
- a) 'Demora' is measured from North; relative to the bow ('relative bearing') it is called 'marcación'.
- b) 'Relative bearings' are 'marcaciones', not 'posiciones relativas'.
- c) 'Rumbos' in English are 'courses'.
How to work it out in the exam
- Relative bearings (SMCP General 4.2) = las marcaciones (in degrees from the vessel’s head).
Where this question comes from
- Ministerio de Transportes (Madrid) · 2020 · Convocatoria de diciembre · CY Test 1 · question 33 Official paper · Official answer key
Pending instructor review. Machine translation, not reviewed.